ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC, ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF LEAVES AND PEELS OF EGGPLANT ON CISPLATIN-INDUCED HEPATO-NEPHROTOXICITY IN RATS.

The present study was designed to investigate the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of eggplant peels and leaves. Also, the effects of the powder and the ethanolic extract of eggplant leaves and peels on the nutritional status, blood glucose and lipid profile, in addition to liver and kidney function tests, were estimated in cisplatin hepato-nephrotoxicity rats. Thirty adult albino rats were used in this work; they are classified into six groups (5 rats each); one of them was left on a basal diet as normal control (-ve), and the other rats' groups were injected with cisplatin (IP) in a dose of 10 mg/kg b.wt. One of these groups served as a positive control group. The remaining four groups were treated with the powder and the ethanolic extract of eggplant leaves and peels. Rats were sacrificed after 28 days, and their blood was drawn for analysis. The obtained results indicated that the eggplant leaves are a good source of protein, with a percentage of 19.17. The leaves and peels of eggplant contain most of the essential amino acids, which raise their nutritional value. The extract of leaves and peels with a concentration of 150 mg/ml had the highest DPPH scavenging activity with a percentage of 42.17% and 43.1%, respectively. The reducing power of the leaves and peel extracts was increased by increasing the concentration, the EC50 values reached 540.41 mg/ml for leaves extract, and 564.71 mg/ml for peels extract. The cisplatin drug caused disturbances in all the examined parameters. It was observed that the peel powder, peel extract, and leaves extract showed significant increases in body weight gain and the feed efficiency ratio compared to the positive control. The extracts of the leaves and peels caused significant decreases in serum glucose levels with a percentage of 25.6 and 20.6, respectively. The cisplatin-injured groups, which were treated with leaves and peels extracts in addition to the peels powder group, exhibited significant improvements in their serum lipid profile.
Keywords: nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, cisplatin, eggplant, leaves, peels, extract, rats.